Maize hybrid seed production manual request pdf researchgate. In the future, 32128 spt maintainer will be grown on a total of less than 5,000 acresyear in the u. It also includes the staple vegetative planting materials such as. Pdf maize hybrid seed production manual peter setimela and. Pdf factors that transformed maize productivity in ethiopia. Nafziger encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. There is a particular focus on the role of the private sector. Maize is common millet of india with wider industrial and household utility. Maize farming and production business in africa is a highpotential opportunity for the continent. You can judge seed moisture content by biting the seed. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. A demonstration trial was conducted on four selected chicken ecotypes found in three districts guagusa shekudad, mecha and farta of western amhara, ethiopia. Botanically it is known as zea mays and belongs to the family poaceae.
The objectives of cimmyts maize breeding and seed systems work are to. In pakistan the nonavailability of improved seed has been rated a problem number one and has had enormous social costs in terms of limiting productivity. Maize seed stores well at a moisture content of 12 %. Technical considerations for maize flour and corn meal forti. Maize is being tried as a supplementary andor alternative export crop in uganda today. Pdf hybrid seed production technology in maize researchgate. Maize is usually thought of as a food crop, but certain varieties are suited to being forage crops because they produce very high yields of plant material when cut while still green and are very high in energy because of the maize seed which is in an early intermediate stage of maturity. Indian seed industry global maize production reaches 1040 m mt india stands at 5th rank in maize hybridization 57% of maize produced in india lost due to improper storage maize production must grow at 15% cagr. The objective of this chapter is to ascertain the production and processing methods of maize. Example of a record sheet for maize hybrid seed production.
Successful maize production depends on the correct application of production inputs that will sustain the environment as well as agricultural production. Sowing is done generally during june and july months. Spt maintainer seed to enter commercial grain channels. Open pollination under isolation is the common method of varietal seed production. Another major cereal, maize, has overtaken these traditional cereals while wheat. Maize production in nigeria is by far one of the most interesting, easytostart and most lucrative type of agribusiness you can ever lay your hands on. The transgenic 328 spt maintainer is currently grown under usda aphis permits on companycontrolled parent seed production fields that are reproductively isolated from other maize fields. However, a farmer can manipulate the environment by managing factors such as cultivar choice, soil tillage, crop rotation, fertilisation, irrigation and pest control. An overview of maize processing chemical composition of maize. Maize has become a staple food in many parts of the world, with the total production of maize surpassing that of wheat or rice. In case of seed production, the seed maturity period must not. The pericarp is the outer part of the seed, and is made up of several cell layers, which act as barriers to diseases and moisture loss.
Growing maize in nigeria choice of land any well drained sandy loam or loamy soil can be used for planting maize but if in doubt, contact your nearest extension office or agroservice center. The trial was done on 80 village chicken owner households using a total of 344 local. We received a planter, plough and harrow from seed co and this greatly improved our lives as communal farmers. However, onfarm maize breeding and efforts to improve onfarm seed production were dropped after the 1930s in most of the united states once successful hybrids were released 10,2224. Economic efficiency and constraints of maize production in the northern region of bangladesh.
Hybrid maize seed production involves deliberately crossing a female parent population with a male parent in isolated fields. Maize sheller for gentle separation of maize kernels. Maize also forms the basis for the production for most animal feeds in nigeria. However, little of this maize is consumed directly by humans. Poonia junagadh agricultural university, junagadh362 001 gujarat india author for correspondence abstract seed is the basic, vital and central input in agriculture which played an important role in deciding the. These two areas are presented in two different sections in this chapter. Preferably, forest loamy soil with a lot of decomposed leaves, wood chips, microorganisms and so on. Maize grows best on deep, welldrained, fertile soils, and where total seasonal rainfall exceeds 500 mm.
Macrobert and others published maize hybrid seed production manual find, read and cite all the research you need. It is widely eaten in various forms and more than 900 million africans depend on maize every year because it is often cheaper than. Land preparation use any method mechanical, chemical and manual that can adequately remove weeds and keep the soil loose for good seedbed. Small quantities of cobs can be bundled and hung indoors. Maize is one of the most commonly eaten crops in nigeria and other parts of africa. The production and processing are two important activities in the maize value chain. Large quantities need to be kept in a raised crib or granary. Develop genetically diverse, highyielding maize inbred lines and hybrids, combining multiplestress tolerance, nutrient use efficiency, enhanced nutritional quality, and desirable seed production properties for target production zones. Jicarrne and good neighbours nepal has helped much more for the preparation, correction, edition, all other related works and funding. Maize field guide maize crop development, pests and diseases. In cross pollinated crop like maize, only limited returns will be realized from investment in research if a function maize seed sector is absent.
At the national level, hybrid and ordinary maize should be reported separately owing to widely different yields and. The total of 164 certified seed producer were interviewed in june, 2016 using simple random sampling technique in palpa district of nepal. Maize production origin, maize global scenario maize production in kamataka maize production in the study area problems of maize production uti 1 ization pattern of maize marketing of maize farm gate price of maize b. Maize is a very rugged crop and can grow in the least expected of soil types but the ideal soil for it is loamy soil. Jul 15, 2017 a key issue for public sector maize breeders and seed producers is how to respond to the expansion in private research and seed production, and the best answer would seem to be a national maize improvement strategy that clearly outlines areas of comparative advantage and, possible, collaboration. Trade in maize seed and intentional outcrossing with introduced types are practicesancient 1416.
At this time the maize seed field is most susceptible to genetic contamination from windblown pollen coming from offtype plants within the field or other maize varieties in surrounding fields. Cimbria maize shellers are designed for gentle separation of maize kernels from the cobs and removal of rachis. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. For such a backdrop, this study was aimed to assess the level of technical efficiency te of certified maize seed production. Maize breeding and seed production by farmers was once the norm figure 1.
As production and diversification of maize increases, industrial use of maize will also become important in the country. The current maize production scenario highlights presence of hybrid maize at about 6570 percent acreages and most of it accounts for feed and industrial grade maize, while food grade maize is produced using traditional cultivars opvs. The production of certified seed for maize double hybrids is based on the crossing of two simple maize hybrids, one of which is used as a seed producer maternal form, axb and another as. Maize also known as corn in some countries is one of the most common and important food crops across africa. Maize became increasingly important in the food security of ethiopia following the major drought and famine that occurred in 1984. Quality seed production can also contribute to food security via increasing productivity. Consider the age of the corn in terms of plant development rather than in days. A little monetary investment in corn farming can therefore yield a sizeable level of income and profit after a little while. Seed business management book international maize and. Pdf maize hybrid seed production manual peter setimela.
Seed co has provided us with a stable market and technical support during the season. More than 9 million smallholder households, more than for any other crop in the country, grow maize in ethiopia at present. Aug 02, 2011 hybrid seed production technology of maize 1. Firstly, i would to thank seed co for the opportunity to brag about seed co. Introduction maize zea mays l is the most important and most widely distributed cereal in the world after wheat and rice.
Seed production, t9ting and handling 219 chapter 11. A seed sector stakeholder workshop, key informant interviews, focus group discussions fgds. Receiving as a reference to the available theoretical and practical educational materials included in this maize farming techniques manual. Poonia junagadh agricultural university, junagadh362 001 gujarat india.
Ethiopia has doubled its maize productivity and production in less than two decades. Thus, from the very start of hybrid seed production, the identity. It also includes the staple vegetative planting materials such as cassava and potatoes. Hybrid varieties are made by planting two varieties in the same field, allowing only the male parent to produce pollen, and harvesting the seed only from the female parent. Macrobert, peter setimela, james gethi and mosisa worku regasa may 2014 maize hybrid seed production. Nematodes as pests of economic plants 334 chapter 14. This study is part of a larger research project commissioned by maize, with similar studies conducted in malawi, bihar in india, and chiapas in mexico. They find application mainly in the seed processing sector, where maize cobs are harvested as a whole unit. Dec 15, 2016 maize remains a key food crop in africa, latin america and asia where it is primarily used as human food. Cimmyt manages intellectual assets as international public goods. Growth stage 0 lasts from planting of the seed up to when the seedling is just visible above the soil surface. Maize has also become an important ingredient in the animal maize bran diets. At this stage, offtype and disease plants may be rouged.
Nafziger, in reference module in food science, 2016. Production of own maize seed by smallholder farmers own maize seed can only be produced from varieties which are not hybrids. Strategies for strengthening and scaling up communitybased. However, onfarm maize breeding and efforts to improve onfarm seed. In 2019, maize production for malawi was 3,400 tonnes.
Petition for the determination of nonregulated status for. Though malawi maize production fluctuated substantially in recent years, it tended to increase through 1970 2019 period ending at 3,400 tonnes in 2019. Maize stalks are also used as fuel wood and for construction purposes. This report presents the analysis of maize production costs and returns for zambia, with a special focus on improved types of maize relevant to the crm program, based on the 201011, 201112, 2012, and 2014 zambia crop forecast survey cfs data sets. The maize plant depends largely on nature to shape its growth, development and yield. Maize is reasonably tolerant to soil acidity, but if the soil is very acid, liming will improve the soil and enhance maize yields. It is used a feed, food and raw material in soft drink industry. The wateruse efficiency of maize is approximately double that of c. Corn seed is made up of three primary parts figure 1. Integrated pest management in maize production 373 chapter 15. Factors that transformed maize productivity in ethiopia. Maize is susceptible to both drought and waterlogging. Nafziger encyclopedia of life support systems eolss most of the maize production in the usa is concentrated in the us corn belt, the largest area in the world where soils and climate are well suited to largescale maize pro. Since maize requires a good amount of rainfall followed by a healthy spell of sunshine, it is a kharif crop.
Global maize production, utilization, and consumption. The maize value chain in tanzania food and agriculture. Pdf ppt related to hybrid seed production technology find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Seed production in maize maize is common millet of india with. With information regarding specific production practices, the other sections of this publication will be more easily understood. The endosperm is the seeds food storage compartment, which contains. Maize seed production technique manual 3 there are many pockets area for quality seed production in midhill region, which is also easily accessible to remote farmers. Maize, also known as corn, is one of the farm produce that gives an incredible return on investment, as one seed of planted maize could return more than 500 kernels of corn come harvest season.
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